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A Progressive Shift in Attitude

The German government has given the green light to a draft law that would legalize the purchase and possession of small amounts of cannabis for recreational purposes. Although the bill still needs parliamentary approval, it proposes allowing adults to have up to 25 grams (0.9 ounces) of cannabis and cultivate up to three plants for personal use. The law would also permit people to join non-profit "cannabis clubs" of up to 500 members, where legal cultivation and purchase could occur.

Health Minister Karl Lauterbach views this draft law as a pivotal moment in Germany's perspective on cannabis. He believes that this more lenient approach could effectively combat the black market and drug-related crime. By easing law enforcement pressures and promoting safer marijuana consumption, Lauterbach sees potential benefits. However, he emphasized that minors would still be prohibited from using the drug, and a public health campaign would address the specific risks for young people.

Controversial Measures

While the draft legislation is a flagship project of Chancellor Olaf Scholz's coalition, opposition politicians and judges have raised concerns. The proposed law falls short of its original scope, abandoning plans for widespread cannabis sales in licensed stores due to European Commission reservations. Conservative figures, like Bavaria's regional health minister Klaus Holetschek from the CDU party, consider the plans "irresponsible" and warn that liberalization might not effectively curb the black market. Critics point out potential health risks, particularly for young adults whose brains are still developing.

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Agriculture Minister Cem Ozdemir praises the draft law as a significant step toward a more progressive and realistic drug policy. However, the German Judges Association foresees added complexity and potential disputes, arguing that the "small-scale law" could burden the judicial system further. If approved, the government plans to assess the societal impact of the legislation after four years. Additionally, a follow-up phase is intended, involving trials of government-licensed cannabis production and sales in selected regions.

Germany Joins Global Trend

If the draft law becomes enacted, Germany will join a growing number of countries that are relaxing cannabis regulations. Malta, a European Union member, legalized recreational cannabis in 2021. The Netherlands has tolerated cannabis sales and use in "coffee shops" since the 1970s. Uruguay was the first country to legalize the production, distribution, and consumption of marijuana in 2013. In the United States, numerous states, including California, have revamped their laws over the past decade to permit cannabis use.

In summary, the proposed legislation marks a significant shift in Germany's stance on cannabis, aiming to balance personal freedoms, public safety, and potential economic benefits. While supporters view it as a progressive step, opponents raise valid concerns about its potential impact on the black market and youth health. As the draft law proceeds through the legislative process, its potential implications for German society and cannabis policy will continue to be debated.

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